Essay about The Influence on the Beatles on American Culture

The Beatles were more than their music. They influenced the lives of millions of people unlike any musicians before them. They were the first and most popular band in one of the most important music movements in American history, the British Invasion. The year 1964 was the year both the British Invasion and â€Å"Beatlemania† came to America and forever changed the landscape of music in the United States by introducing the genre of pop, as it is today. The Beatles changed the rules of music. Many things that are considered normal now were pioneered by the Beatles such as: creating compilation albums, expressing their views on world happenings through the media, musicians in movies, and even mass media advertising. The beatles†¦show more content†¦On February 9, 1964, Over 45% of America (roughly 73 million people) watched the Beatles’ debut US performance on the Ed Sullivan show. By the next morning, they had become the next big thing in America. Celebri ties and schoolchildren alike were wearing Beatles wigs so that they could imitate their new favorite musical act. They had brought a cheeky sense of humor, long recognizable hair, and a new upbeat pop sound that appealed to the general public. By April 6, they owned the top five hits on the billboard hot 100 list. At one point, the Beatles sang 14 of the Billboard top 100 songs in the country. On the Billboard top selling albums list, they owned the top two albums on the billboard charts at the same time. They won two Grammy’s for 1964: one for best new artist and one for best group performance. They toured in Britain, Australia, and a blockbuster North American tour. Women wanted them and men wanted to be like them. Their fame was completely unrivaled. And that was their success simply in the sphere of music. (Kaplan, 2004). During the next 10 years, the British foursome out of Liverpool went on to become the most successful musical act of all time. According to the Recording Industry Association of America, The Beatles are the best-selling musical act of all time in the United States. They released more than 40 different singles and albums that reached number one at one point or another. Rolling Stone magazine ranked them the #1 groupShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of The Beatles Legacy1271 Words   |  5 Pagesof communism. Americans were missing that little bit of excitement in their lives and people were very inhibited. They needed an outlet to let their suppressed feelings out. Then came four lads from England that would soon shock the world, who called themselves the Beatles. The Beatles in the 1960’s positively impacted America by changing the music industry and American youth culture, so that young people became more politically involved, freethinking, and independent. The Beatles legacy continuesRead MoreThe Impact Of Beatles On American Pop Culture1698 Words   |  7 Pagescoming artists such as The Beatles. The impact The Beatles had on society and society’s standards in the 1960s was so massive that their influences would last long into the future, even after the breakup of the band. The strides not only being made in music but in the culture of America were ones that would last for decades. Even today, 46 years after the breakup, the Beatles legacy is still kept alive through tributes and record sales are still skyrocketing. The Beatles were the most influentialRead MoreThe Beatles And Bob Dylan905 Words   |  4 PagesBritain and America have influenced and inspired one another for many years. Music was, and still is, a huge connecting factor between the two countries. The Beatles and Bob Dylan, two of the most famous artists of all time, demonstrate how Britain and America had a profound influence on each country’s music culture. In the beginning of American history, America was heavily influenced by Britain because it was considered the â€Å"Mother Country† for the pilgrims that settled throughout North America. DueRead MoreMusic Of The 60s Help Shape Modern Australian Society1259 Words   |  6 Pagesthe ideas.† This was pronounced by Bob Dylan, a folk musician of the sixties: an era in which the music heavily influenced the culture of the time and continues to influence the music and culture today. The music and artists of the 60s influenced radio and television, the music, fashion and lifestyles of the people, particularly youth, heavily influenced the popular culture Australia, USA, Britain and other Western Countries. The music of the â€Å"swinging 60s†especially influenced the lives of many teenagersRead More The Beatles Influence in Pop Culture Essay1697 Words   |  7 PagesThe Beatles Influence in Pop Culture The Beatles were one of the most influential music groups of the rock era. They were able to conquer and influence pop culture with their music. Initially they affected the post-war baby boom generation of Britain and the W.S. during the 1960s, and later the request of the world. Certainly they were the most successful group, with global sales exceeding 1.3 billion albums. During the sixties, The Beatles using revolutionary ideas in their music inspiredRead MoreA Hard Day s Night1238 Words   |  5 PagesMusical: British or American depicts the highly influential economic and social factors of the film A Hard Day’s Night between the audience of Britain and the United States. A Hard Day’s Night was filmed by American enterprises by producer Walter Shenson and director Richard Lester. The film was created to expand the fame and musical recognition of the Beatles among the America and Britain. The intended purpose of the musical comedy was to reflect the public and privat e lives of The Beatles by taking theRead MoreThe Musical Influences On The Beatles : The Beatles1644 Words   |  7 Pages Cynthia Leon Music 12 Dr. Michael Zilber The Beatles The Beatles are an English rock band that became one of the most iconic bands in history. All four of the band members of the Beatles John Lennon, George Harrison, Paul McCartney and Ring Starr were born in Liverpool in the early 1940’s. During this time England was in the midst of WWII and they were deemed as â€Å"war babies†. The shambles that England was left in cultivated skiffle from the U.S. which was a form of music that made it fairly easyRead MoreBeatles Impact on America Essay737 Words   |  3 PagesIt was 47 years ago, when The Beatles step foot in America and changed the course of music and history forever. Within the triangle of the Cultural Revolution of the 1960’s (sex, drugs, music), it is easy to establish the fact that music was the very pinnacle of it all. The rock ’n’ roll music of the 1960’s was very appealing to all teenagers around the world and no other music group than The Beatles inï ¬â€šuenced the world as much as they. Unknown at the time, these four young men from Liverpool ultimatelyRead MoreMusic And Music : Mozart And The Beatles Composed Pop And Rock920 Words   |  4 Pagescomposer of classical music who was regarded as on of the best composers that had ever lived. The Beatles were a British boy band who had revolutionized pop and rock music. Although Mozart composed classical music and The Beatles composed Pop and Rock, the two have something in common; they revolutionized music. The Beatles do share a similarity to classical music though. Growing up, the members of The Beatles listened to BBC radio, which played classical music and familiarized them with what classicalRead MoreThe Extrordinary Influence of the Beatles Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band 1780 Words   |  7 PagesFor thousands of years, music has been influencing people in extraordinary ways. The Beatles Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band should not be mistaken as an ordinary album. Without a doubt, Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band, an incredibly innovative album, stands as the most influential album of all time; it stands as a true masterpiece. People all around, especially artists, were influenced greatly by the innovations the album brought to the world of music. Many people have said that from

intercultural communication - 2808 Words

MGMT 329 TEST #1 REVIEW QUESTIONS CHAPTER 1 1. From an economic imperative perspective, why is it important to be able to communicate interculturally? Economic growth and stability of the U.S. are inextricably linked to world business partners The workplace in the U.S. reflects an increasing cultural diversity Economic imperative for intercultural competence is powerful, pervasive, and likely will increase U.S. workplace reflects the increasing cultural diversity that comprises the U.S. 2. From a technological imperative perspective, why is it Important to be able to communicate interculturally? Communication media and modern transportation systems contribute to the â€Å"global village† we live in Virtually†¦show more content†¦Ethnicity—a term that is used to refer to a wide variety of groups who might share a language, historical origin, religion, identification with a common nation-state, or cultural system â€Å"Ethnicity† is seen as a more encompassing term than culture—for example, one might say he/she is Greek but not share in the Greek culture 6. What is a â€Å"subculture†? â€Å"Co-culture†? Why do we generally avoid using these terms? Subculture is a term sometimes used to refer to a racial or ethnic minority group that shares both a common nation-state with other cultures and some aspects of the larger culture Co-culture is a term used to imply several cultures â€Å"co-existing† Both terms are often seen negatively as they imply subordination of one group to a larger, more dominate group 7. What are the six forces that create cultural differences? How are these forces interrelated and what is the consequence on cultures? History—unique experiences that have become a part of a culture’s collective wisdom Ecology—External environment inShow MoreRelatedIntercultural Communication21031 Words   |  85 PagesI. INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION. FRAMEWORK ...the single greatest barrier to business success is the one erected by culture. Edward T. Hall and Mildred Reed Hall Why study Intercultural Communication? Cultural diversity and multiculturalism are the realities of everyday life for almost everyone. The growth of interdependence of people and cultures in the global society of the twenty-first century has forced us to pay more attention to intercultural issues. In order to live and functionRead MoreSolving Intercultural Communication Problems1447 Words   |  6 Pages Sherwood Fleming s Intercultural Communication Insights . Home Services » CLEAR Method My Book Articles 50 Actions Glossary About QA Contact . 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Hall, an American anthropologistRead MoreIntercultural Interpersonal Communication And Intercultural Communication Essay1301 Words   |  6 Pagesconcepts, one of which being the differences between intercultural and interpersonal communication. Intercultural communication is defined as â€Å"the process that occurs when members of two or more cultures or co-cultures exchange messages in a manner that is influenced by their different cultural perceptions and symbol systems, both verbal and nonverbal† (Adler et al., 2015, pg. 40). While most interactions seem to have some sense of intercultural aspect due to the great diversity not only in race butRead MoreIntercultural Communication And Nonverbal Communication Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Intercultural communication is a complex concept that encompasses and links to many other theories such as racism and verbal and nonverbal communication. Differing languages can dramatically affect intercultural communication between individuals due to language barriers however, due to some individuals uneducated and ignorant understanding of differing languages, it can also have other, more serious and negative consequences such as racism and discrimination of others. The links betweenRead MoreIntercultural Communication And Interpersonal Communication844 Words   |  4 PagesIntercultural communication is defined as when people communicate with one another who have different cultures. They may differ because of their languages, beliefs, values, and behavioral characteristics (Bennett, 1998). The intercultural communication plays a key role in globalization. It will help organizations to have a long-term success if they can manage the cultural differences and intercultural cooperat ion effectively to conflicts. 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In The Woman In Gold, Maria Altm ann, a Jewish refugee teams up with a young but determined lawyer, Randy Schoenberg (Reynolds), to reclaim the painting of her aunt, and with it, a part of her heritage. The painting, completed by the very famous Gustav Klimt, was stolen from her home during World War II. It was then displayed atRead MoreUnderstanding Language And Intercultural Communication856 Words   |  4 Pagesthat is shared between people can affect intercultural communication, one of which is improper translation, or the inability to translate at all. It’s very common for misunderstandings to occur even among people who speak the same language, so it’s to be expected that people who come from different linguistic and cultural backgrounds often face a lot of barriers when trying to communicate. While it can be easy to blame the other person for the communication issue, it’s very important to remember thatRead MoreEssay on Intercultural Communication2168 Words   |  9 Pageswe live in a culturally diverse society due to globalization. As our world grows, expands and become increasingly more interconnected, the need for effective interpersonal communication among differing cultures has become apparent. When people from different cultures interact with one another there is intercultural communication because different cultures create different interpretation and expectations about what is seen as competent behaviors that will enable the construction of shared meanings

Irving Textual Analysis of The Legend Of Sllepy Hollows Essay Example For Students

Irving Textual Analysis of The Legend Of Sllepy Hollows Essay Textual Analysis of The Legend of Sleepy Hollow1.) Romantic Description:a. pg. 715 there is a little valley, or rather lap of land, among high hills, which is one of the quietest places in the whole world.   A small brook glides through it, with just a murmur enough to lull one to repose; and the occasional whistle of a quail, or tapping of a woodpecker, is almost the only sound that ever breaks in upon the uniform tranquility. Irving describes nature as an untouchable force.   He ignores the realism of nature and reveals only the beauty it holds.   It is the stereotypical description of Mother Nature.   Irving makes it sound so tranquil as if this place doesn’t exist in this world.c. pg 731 Its limbs were gnarled, and fantastic, large enough to form trunks of ordinary trees, twisting down almost to the earth, and rising again into the air. The tree is almost created into somewhat of a creature.   With the limbs twisting out and rising into the air.   Irving takes ordinary earthlike objects and changes the perspective of them into imaginary matter.2.) Avoidance of Controversy/Digressions:a. pg 717 . some little, tough, wrong-headed, broad-skirted Dutch urchin, who sulked and swelled and grew dogged and sullen beneath the birch.   All this he called doing his duty by their parents; and he never inflicted a chastisement without following it by the assurance, so consolatory to the smarting urchin, which he would remember it, and thank him for it the longest day he had to live.   When school hours were over.Irving constantly made fun of the Dutch, and this is one of those examples.   He calls them wrong-headed and mocks their appearance by criticizing their  broad-skirted dress.   Then to avoid the controversy he changes the subject and goes straight into the next thing. b. pg 728 The musician was an old gray headed Negro, who had been the itinerant orchestra of the neighborhood for more than half a century.   His instrument was as old and battered as himself.Here, Irving tries to avoid the subject of slavery and human rights. He tries to stay neutral on the issue.   He described the black man as battered and old showing the inequality of the two races, in a sense avoiding the whole slavery situation during that time period.    3.) American Character Types: a. pg 722. .cts women as a bit lazy because in the passage they jut sit around talking, eating, and having a good time and have no work to do. Therefore, implying that men do all the work and the women just lounge around. 8.) Use of American History:a. pg 719 He was, moreover, esteemed by the women as a man of great erudition, for he had read several books quite through, and was a perfect master of Cotton Mathers history of New England Witchcraft, in which, by the way, he most firmly and potently believed.Irving refers to an actual historical event by mentioning that Ichabod was a firm believer in Cotton Mathers writing about the Salem witch trials. Irving is pretty accurate because it is actually a real book and was commonly read.   He references to the literary works of the time and the thoughts that people had about the world during the time. b. pg 728 ;The British and American line had run near it during the war; it had, therfore, been the scene of marauding, and infested with refugees, cow-boys, and all kinds of border chivalry.;Irving does use an historical American setting, America and the British were engaged in war at the time and had battles around that.

A Introduction to Management

Question: Each student is required to conduct and document a Critical Analysis of four of theself-assessment activities undertaken in the tutorial.The critical analysis for each topic requires: Presenting a brief review of your self-assessment findings. Presenting a critical analysis of the findings. Discussion of theories that can explore and explain the findings. Reflecting on the results of your self-analysis, discuss your strengths and weaknesses as a manager. Based on these findings outline an action plan that will help you develop as a manager. Answer: 1. Introduction The process or function to co-ordinate the effort of people in an organization is known as management. The main objective of management is to achieve goals and objectives by using the available resources in an efficient and effective manner. Management is a mix of planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling an organization to achieve the target set by the company. Management is also the effective utilization of resources, including the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources (Cleland King, 1972). Management is also an academic discipline, a social science whose objective is to study social organization. It can also be considered as a social science targeted towards studying the processes and management strategies in use by an organization. Management is considered to be the integrating force in all the organized activities. Whenever two or more persons try to come up working together, then they have to co-ordinate their activities in some way to increase the productivity and efficiency. They also have to organize the resources available with them to make their optimum utilization. Management is required not only in business organizations but also in places like schools, pubs, shops and almost everywhere. It is an integral part of work, without management it would be very difficult to get any work done effectively (Johnston, 2008). These places also require the optimum utilization of resources and also the effective co-ordination between different departments and people working together, in order to produce an effective and efficient result. So it could be truly said that management is not only required in business organization but is a mandatory in all types of social organizations. Management is a vital aspect of huma n society, whenever or wherever co-ordination between two or more different people or departments is needed, and management plays its role in it. There are many forms of management, one or another form come into play whenever organized activity is performed by a group of individuals (Koontz, O'Donnell Weihrich, 1980). It is to be noted that in every aspect of life we need to utilize the resources in such a manner that the result obtained is the most effective and the process followed is the most efficient. This is possible only by involving management activities in, leading the team and organizing the behavior (Ebun, 1998). This paper focuses on the analysis of some of the key points of marketing and what is their role overall in developing the organization. These points to be covered are as follows: 2. Organizational Structure and Design Organizational structure can be defined as the process of task allocation, scheduling and hierarchy activities in the quest to achieve the goal set for the organization. There can be many ways in which an organization can be structured, depending on its objective. Organizational structure is responsible for organizational action in two main ways. It provides the environment for standard operating procedures and routines. It also determines who gets to participate in the decision-making processes (Jung, 1923). 2.1 Types of Structure Following are the popular structures which exist in an organization: 1. Pre-Bureaucratic Structure This type of structure is prevalent mostly in small organizations. It lacks standardization of task, and is favourable for small activities only. It is totally a centralized structure, and the owner or the key person is the one making all the decisions (Gibbons, 2007). It is useful for new entrepreneurs, as it provides them complete control on their business. 2. Bureaucratic Structure This type of structure consists of a number of levels in the management process, and everyone is aware of their roles and their powers. They also are aware about who is the boss and to whom they should report. Strategic decision making is simple in this structure, but is not a good place for creativity. 3. Post Bureaucratic Structure Similar to its predecessor, there are still levels of management, but now there exist some level of relaxation to give place and atmosphere for nurturing new ideas (Latreille, 2010). 4. Functional Structure Highly standardized structure with high level of efficiency is the identity of this kind of structure. Employees are experts of their realms as proper conditions are provided to them to develop. Co-ordination is practices between all the departments and individuals. 5. Divisional Structure This employs the practice of creating divisions of work for specific task, with a delegated authority in that division, responsible for all the operations and performance of it (Ross Beath, 2002). This type of structure makes the work division clear and put responsibility on central person of that division, making it easier to provide and achieve the goals. 6. Matrix Structure It is seen in large organizations where there are more than one department functioning, every department is divisional in sub departments to divide the power and increase the efficiency. But it has dis-advantages of complex structure and confused employees. 7. Organizational Structure Used normally in the small organizations, this is one of the most popular structures formed till date, consisting of a well formed and very capable top order management, a very efficient middle order management and a firm bottom level management, providing strength to the entire organization (Goleman, 2002). These are the various types of organizational structures existing, and are used according to the need of an organization. Choice of a structure depends completely on the psychology and size of the organization. According to the above discussion, a proper structure of an organization is very important as this helps in creating a base for an organization. Various organizations had grown even in the tough situation just from a good structure of organization. While having the self-assessment about the organizational structure it can be said that the organization structure should be chosen according to the objective and requirement of the organization. As a manager what I would prefer is a structure which could provide me total control on the ongoing activities in my organization, like FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE, which keeps me the boss of overall activities while employing the domain specialists as the responsible persons for their respective domain. In this way de-centralizing the authority for quicker decision making and providing complete control over all the processes. In addition to this liabilities are decided and hence output is better and named (Blanchard Fabrycky, 1990). As a manager my strengths related to the organization structure is the understanding of the theory of organizational structure how the theories related to the organizational structure should be applied and theoretical strategies to be used but my weakness is the practical implementation of these theories in the real world. 3. Human Resource Management Human resource managementis a process in organizations formed to increase employee performance in service to meet the employers goals.HRs primary task is concerned with how people are managed within organizations, focusing on the policies and systems used in the organization.HR is typically responsible for activities, includingrecruitment,trainingand development,performance appraisal, and rewarding.Human resources also takes care of the task of cross industrial relations, i.e. they balance the different practices within an organization with the regulations which arise as a result of collective bargaining as well as governmental laws. HRM is also related to a strategic as well as a comprehensive approach of managing people, the culture of the workplace and its environment. The Human Resource Management is said to be effective if it is able to make the employees contribute towards the organization effectively as well as productively and helps the organization to achieve its goal and fulfil its objectives (Cleland King, 1972). According to the above discussion it can be analysed that the human resource manager is an important part of an organization which includes the management of employees by performing various strategies and tasks. The tasks include the recruitment of employees, training of employees, reward and bonus programs which keeps the interest of employees towards the work. As a Human Resource Manager, my primary task is to achieve the trust of my employees, because without gaining their trust no manager can function properly and make decision benefitting the organization. As Ill be involved in the recruitment and overall functioning of an employee, so I would prefer the employees who are experts in their domain or even if they are not experts but then too enthusiasm and the zeal to achieve the targets on time is a must for all the employees. I would like to take care of all the grievances (if any) of them, so that they could feel safe working and produce more, providence of better working atmosphere is a primary key to achieve success for any organization, and that would be my criteria too (Akanni, 1987). Discipline is to be maintained to keep a check on the operations and to monitor the growth and output. As a human resource manager my strength is my leadership quality. The other strengths of mine are my capability of understanding the need of organization in terms of employee or human resource requirements and motivating quality. My weakness as a human resource manager is that I believe on people very early. Employees may be able to make me fool very easily. 4. Functions of Management Below given are the various functions of management: 1. Planning: It is the most important and crucial part of any organization. The management has to do everything after planning it first and then implementing the process. Without an effective planning no organization can carry on its work efficiently. It is required to know the possible outcome before-hand and then acting accordingly. 2. Organizing: Managers have to organize the resource available with them efficiently to get the work done effectively without requiring any external agent to come into play and increase the production cost or increase the overtime (Akanni, 1987). A well-organized organization always has a good strategy to utilize all those resources and carry on with its processes smoothly. 3. Staffing: Employing an effective and efficient staff is very important for an organization. As an enthusiastic employee filled with energy and efficient in working is an asset to any organization. As hell be producing output equivalent to ten poor and lazy employees all together, hence it is considered to be one of the most important function of management. 4. Directing: Directing or Leading the organization is a very important task to accomplish, without an effective leader the entire staff will go bind and will not be able to perform the duties effectively (Colin, 1986). An efficient leader can bring laurels to the organization by leading his team effectively. 5. Co-ordination: This is the basic task accomplished by management, it is to act as a binding agent between the various departments of an organization to work effectively and produce best output. According to the above discussion it can be easily said that the foundation of behavior include the various factors related to the organization. Planning, organizing, staffing, Directing and coordinating are main functions of any management. These are the basic functions of any management which help in managing the organization with a powerful management capacity. As a manager, the above given functionalities are the key points on which I would operate. A good plan when well executed provides the best results, and the planning phase starts from the very beginning. Staffing comes as an implementation part, choosing the best people for the organization is the first stepping st6one towards the success (Miller Dalglish, 2011), motivation the employees to work hard and directing them towards the goal and providing them the best guidance so that they could achieve their goal in time and efficiently is the total process of implementation. Once well-coordinated, these all functions provide the desired outcome and proves the plan was successful. My strengths as a manager is that I can coordinate with the employees, I can direct the employees for various tasks under me but main weakness of mine is to plan well but planning is a very important task for any management to get success for the task. The other weakness of mine is to defining the objectives of any task means I always have a clear image of the objective but I can express those objectives in words. 5. Understanding Groups and Teams An organization comprises of various levels of management. These levels have varying degree of powers vesting with them, enabling them to take authoritative decisions at their levels in the benefit of the company. They act as the leaders to the people working below them, and guide them to achieve better results. Various levels of management are described as below: 1. Top Management: It is the ultimate source of authority, all the goals are laid down by them for the organization, and it is their responsibility to make new policies for the organization (Miller Dalglish, 2011). They devote most of their time in planning and thinking of how to maximize the output from the available resources. They are directly answerable to the company owners and to the people whose money is on stake with the companys performance. They are also known as the policy maker group. Main functions for them are: Establishing goals Making policies Framing organizational structure Effective control Overall leadership 2. Middle Management: They act as a link between the top and the lower level of management. They are responsible for the top management to carry out effectively their departments (Mackenzie, 1969). They mainly focus on organizing the resources available, and devote their most of the time in making the policies carried out effectively. Their main functions are: Act as link Interpret policies Recruitment Assigning activities Motivation 3.Lower Management: They form the base of the operations, also known as the front line managers. They are in direct contact with the workers and face the direct blows of the market. Their work is to manage the staff and lead them to achieve the goals set by the top management. They report to the middle management about the current situation thus making them aware about the process going on and helping them to form policies to deal with it (Mackenzie, 1969). Teams and groups are very essential to understand and manage for any organization to accomplish any task. According to our analysis in large organization, the projects are also large thus a project cant be accomplished by a single person. There is a requirement of full team or group on that project. The management of whole team is very necessary for an organization to complete any project efficiently and effectively. As a manager, working in any of the group would require a lot of patience and knowledge to achieve success. In addition to these qualities one would require a keen foresightedness to foresee what is going to happen next and act accordingly beforehand. Motivational skills are a must and directing the employees towards the goals is mandatory. A blend of all these makes a true manager. As a team manager my strengths are that I can direct a team for any task very effectively and efficiently. I have the capability of motivating employees as well as self-motivation which helps me and my team even in critical situations. My weaknesses in managing a team are the assessment of the work. I cant get tough with any of the team member. 6. Summary Management is a practice to intermingle all the departments and co-ordinate between them to get the best result from the organization. Managers are the people responsible for carrying out this task. It is their responsibility to co-ordinate between different departments of the organizations working under different forms of organizations to carry out the processes effectively (Mittal, Anderson, Sayrak Tadikamalla, 2005). A manager must have excellent communication skills to make him achieve this goal. He is responsible for the overall functioning of an employee. All the plans for the welfare of the organizations are framed by him, so he requires a better understanding of all the activities. This is because of the planning done by him while staffing and motivating the employees to work hard and directing them to achieve their goals while coordinating between all the departments. 7. References Akanni J.A (1987): management, Concepts, Techniques and Cases. Taa Printing Publishing Company, Ibadan. Blanchard, B.S. and Fabrycky, W.J. (1990). System Engineering and Analysis, 2nd ed., Prentice Hall. Colin, P. (1986).WHAT DO MANAGERS DO? A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE EVIDENCE. Journal of management studies.23:1.Pg; 88-116. Cleland, D.I. King, W.R. (1972). Management: A Systems Approach, McGraw-Hill. New York. N.Y., Ebun, F.C (1998): Revision Notes on business Management. Federal Co-operative College, Ibadan. Financial Impact of Customer Satisfaction. Marketing Science (24:4): 544-559. Goleman, D. (2002).The New Leaders. Time Warner. London. Gibbons, M. (2007) Better Dispute Resolution: A Review of Employment Dispute Resolution in Great Britain. London: Department of Trade and Industry. Jung, C. (1923). Psychological types. Routledge and Kegan Paul. London. Johnston, T. (2008). Knowledge and use of mediation in SMEs. Acas Research. Paper 02/08. Koontz, H., O'Donnell, C. Weihrich H. (1980). Management 7th ed. McGraw-Hill, New York, N.Y. Latreille, P. (2010 b). Mediation at work, of success, failure and fragility. Acas Research Paper 06/10 Latreille. MIT Sloan Management Review (43:2): 51-59. Miller, P. Dalglish, C. (2011). The Leader in You: Developing your leadership potential. Tilde University Press (Palgrave Macmillan). Melbourne. MacKenzie, R.A. (1969). "The Management Process in 3-D,".Harvard Business Review. Nov.-Dec. pp. 80-87. Mittal, V., Anderson, E.W., Sayrak, A. Tadikamalla, P. (2005) Dual Emphasis and the LongTerm Ross, J.W., Beath, C.M., (2002) Beyond the Business Case: New Approaches to IT Investment.

The Crisis That Rocked The Usa Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper The Watergate Scandal and crisis that rocked the United States began on the early forenoon of June 17, 1972 with a small-scale burglary and it ended August 9, 1974 with the surrender of Republican President Richard Nixon. June 17, 1972, five burglars were discovered inside the Democratic National Headquarters in the Watergate office edifice in Washington DC. The burglars, who had been trying to tap the central office # 8217 ; phone were linked to Nixon # 8217 ; s Committee to Re-Elect the President ( CREEP ) . Over the following few months, what had began as a minor break-in rapidly escalated into a matured political dirt. It was the cover-up, non the existent housebreaking that led to Nixon # 8217 ; s ruin and the start of a period of misgiving of the authorities by the American people. Long before the Watergate housebreaking, the Nixon disposal had been really careful, about paranoiac, about their public image, and did everything they could to avoid unfavourable promotion. We will write a custom essay sample on The Crisis That Rocked The Usa Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In fact, paranoia was a characteristic of Nixon furthered by the public # 8217 ; s unfavorable judgment of his policies sing the Vietnam War. That ambiance of paranoia and intuition was fueled by the leaking of the Pentagon Papers, defence section paperss refering the United States # 8217 ; engagement in the Vietnam War, which were leaked to the New York Times by Daniel Ellsberg in 1971. Shortly after the publication of the Pentagon Papers, Nixon established a White House particular probes unit to hint and halt any farther leaks to the imperativeness. This particular probes unit was nicknamed the # 8220 ; Plumbers # 8221 ; and was headed by two of the Presidents work forces, G. Gordon Liddy and E. Howard Hunt. In an effort to halt intelligence leaks, the Plumbers investigated the private lives of Nixon # 8217 ; s enemies and critics. The White House rationalized any illegal actions by the Plumbers as protecting national security. However, the motivation factor for these illegal actions was really to protect Nixon # 8217 ; s public image every bit good as his political endurance. In 1972, the Committee to Re-Elect the President was formed and Jeb Stuart Magruder became the Director. In December of 1972, Nixon appointed G. Gordon Liddy as general advocate to CREEP. The Committee played # 8220 ; dirty fast ones # 8221 ; on Nixon # 8217 ; s oppositions and in one case, single-handedly ruined the Democratic frontrunner Edmund Muskie # 8217 ; s presidential run by doing detrimental charges once more Muskie and his married woman in 1971. Liddy was behind most of CREEP # 8217 ; s political fast ones and illegal activities and in 1972 he proposed a immense intelligence operation against the Democrats, illicitly funded by CREEP # 8217 ; s run financess. This operation included programs for a small-scale burglary of the Democratic National Headquarters, located in the Watergate office composite. Magruder, who had been given the authorization by John Mitchell, reluctantly gave Liddy the blessing to execute the housebreaking. On June 17, 1972, five burglars under the orders of CREEP broke into the Democratic National Headquarters. At approximately 2:30 a.m. , security guard Frank Willis noticed tape over locks of the doors and called the constabulary. The five burglars were arrested, four of which were anti-Castro Cuban expatriates who believed they were fostering the anti-Communist cause by executing the housebreaking. The 5th burglar was James McCord, a former CIA agent and CREEP # 8217 ; s security manager. The constabulary seized from the scene a walky-talky, 40 axial rotations of unexposed movie, two 35-millimeter cameras, lock choices, pen-size tear gas guns, and teasing devices that seemingly were capable of picking up both telephone and room conversations. In add-on, the burglars left behind $ 14,000 in 100 dollar measures that could be traced straight to CREEP. Charges were filed against the five burglars and besides against G. Gordon Liddy and E. Howard Hunt for their function in the housebreak ing. CREEP # 8217 ; s function in the housebreaking was profoundly underestimated during the election in portion because of Nixon # 8217 ; s commanding leads in the polls. In fact, President Richard Nixon and Vice President Spiro Agnew won a landslide triumph over Democratic McGovern and Shriver, winning 49 of 50 provinces to go President and Vice President for the 2nd term. However, shortly after the election, the narrative of the dirt was broken broad unfastened, get downing with the prosecution of the seven work forces connected to the housebreaking. Opening statements in the test began on January 10, 1973. Judge John J. Sirica presided over the instance. The seven work forces, Barker, Gonzalez, Martinex, Sturgis, McCord, Liddy, and Hunt were charged with assorted counts of confederacy burglary, illegal wiretapping, and illegal ownership of listen ining equipment. All of the work forces pled guilty except Liddy and McCord. Allegations began to blossom about the White House # 8217 ; s cognition of the housebreaking and a possible cover-up that could take all the manner to the President himself. All informants placed full duty on Liddy. Liddy refused to attest. On January 30, the finding of fact was announced: Liddy was guilty of six counts and McCord was guilty of eight. Judge Sirica was convince vitamin D that relevant inside informations had non been unveiled during the test and offered lenience in exchange for farther information. In March of 1973, merely yearss before the sentencing of the work forces convicted, Sirica received a missive from McCord avering a cover-up by the White House. He stated that the suspects were pressured to plead guilty and remain soundless. McCord besides alleged that Counsel to the President, John Dean and the former Attorney General John Mitchell had instructed the suspects to perpetrate bearing false witness. These allegations drew national attending to the dirt. Alternatively of uncovering what he knew and when he knew it, Nixon attempted to deny all cognition and cover up everything, a technique he called â€Å"stonewalling.† In a CREEP meeting, President Nixon instructed the others to stonewall besides. Despite his effort of stonewalling, new information was revealed that non merely had the suspects in the break-in been pressured to plead guilty, they had besides been paid hush money that had been approved by the President himself. In February 1973, the Senate established a Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities. On May 17, 1973, the Senate Committee opened hearings to look into the Watergate cover-up. Dean, the Counsel to the President testified that the President knew of the housebreaking and organized the screen up himself. The testimony of the deputy helper to the President, Alexander Butterfield, was the turning point of the probe. On July 16, 1973, he disclosed the being of listening devices in the Oval Office, which recorded every conversation in order to assist continue all paperss. On July 23, Archibald Cox, the particular prosecuting officer subpoenaed the tapes but Nixon refused to turn them over, mentioning executive privilege. This claim began a drawn-out legal conflict over the tapes that lasted more than a twelvemonth and went all the manner to the Supreme Court. Nixon knew that the Senate Watergate Committee was acquiring perilously near to the truth and on October 20, 1973, he ordered what is now known as the ill-famed # 8220 ; Saturday Night Massacre. # 8221 ; That dark, Nixon ordered Cox to non subpoena any more tapes, although Cox said he would. President Nixon was beyond ferocious and so ordered Attorney General Elliott Richardson to disregard Archibald Cox, Special Prosecutor. Richardson refused to fire Cox and he resigned, go forthing the orders to be carried out by Deputy Attorney General, William Ruckelhaus. He besides refused to fire Cox and he excessively resigned. Robert Bork, 3rd in the concatenation of bid, followed Nixon # 8217 ; s orders and fired Cox but so he besides resigned. After the # 8220 ; Saturday Night Massacre, # 8221 ; it was clear that Nixon was concealing engagement in the Watergate Scandal. The state raged in choler, so three yearss after the # 8220 ; Saturday Night Massacre, # 8221 ; Nixon agreed to let go of some of the tapes and name a new Special Prosecutor, Leon Jaworski. The tape of a conversation between President Nixon and H.R. Haldeman revealed that the President knew of the break-in three yearss after it happened and instantly ordered a cover-up. Even more leery was the 18 and a half-minute spread in that same tape. After those tapes, impeachment was inevitable. On July 30, the House of Representatives voted 27-11 urging the impeachment of Nixon on three charges: obstructor of justness, maltreatment of presidential power, and seeking to hinder the impeachment procedure by withstanding commission subpoenas. At nine O # 8217 ; clock on August 8, 1974, Richard Nixon made his last address as president. He merely admitted losing the support he had from Congress. He said: # 8220 ; I have neer been a quitter, to go forth office before my term is complete is detestable to every inherent aptitude in my organic structure. But, as president, I must set the involvement of America foremost. Therefore, I shall vacate to presidency effectual at midday tomorrow. # 8221 ; The following forenoon, Nixon addressed a tearful White House staff. He so boarded a chopper and began his journey place to California. At midday, the Vice President, Gerald R. Ford, who had been appointed after Agnew resigned, was inaugurated. He became the 37th president of the United States, and the merely to neer be elected. He told the American people in his first address ; # 8220 ; Our long national incubus is over. # 8221 ; In September of that same twelvemonth, President Gerald Ford granted Nixon a # 8220 ; full, free, and absolute pardon. # 8221 ; Undoubtedly, Nixon # 8217 ; s ruin was his cover-up strategy in the Watergate dirt. Prior to the dirt, Nixon was a popular president, despite his foreign policies in Vietnam. If Nixon would hold been elected in 1960, how different his presidential term could hold been. He would hold followed Dwight D. Eisenhower, who had an 8-year scandal-free disposal. Alternatively, he followed in Lyndon B. Johnson # 8217 ; s stairss of corruptness, descrying, recordings, extended illegal usage of the FBI, and exploited entree to Television. After a president like Johnson it would be difficult to turn everything around. I am certain Nixon based his presidential term from his predecessor, which finally led to his ruin as a president.

Steve Jobs Research Paper Example

Steve Jobs Research Paper Example Steve Jobs Paper Steve Jobs Paper Steve Jobs Personality Steven Paul Steve Jobs (1 953 201 1) American entrepreneur, marketer, and inventor, who was the co-founder, chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc. Recognized as a charismatic pioneer of the personal computer revolution and for his influential career in the computer and consumer electronics fields, transforming one industry after another, from computers and smartphones to music and movies. Co-founded and served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios. He became a member of the board of rectors of The Walt Disney Company In 2006.   As the CEO of the company. Jobs oversaw the development of the IMac. iTunes, iPod, IPhone, and iPad, and on the services side, the companys Apple Retail Stores. ITunes Store and the App Store. He died of respiratory arrest related to his tumor on October 5, 2011 (he had a   The market value of Apples shares has grown pancreas neuroendocrine tumor). from about $1JS5 billion in 2000 to SUS351 billion (2011) making it one of the biggest publicly listed companies in the US. Jobs transformed personal computers, telephones. even retail stores. among others†and he would have probably taken on television, if he had lived long enough. CBS 60 Minutes. [picl Steve Jobs is a perfect example of a person who intuitively understood the power of user-centered design, From the very beginning, he made sure that Apple employed people Who were tasked to advocate for the Customer _ In the early 1980s this had never been heard Of. Steve Jobs understood that a company would better serve its customers, if they were listened to. His innovative work related directly to the rise Of an awareness Of usability. Jobs knew that a product or service is only successful hen it meets the needs of the users, making their lives easier and more enjoyable. There are conflicting stories of whether he was a true supporter of the methodology of user-centered design, but there is clear agreement that he knew ho. to figure out what users needed and wanted. Steve Jobs showed us what it was like to Inspire people, live a dream. In June 2005, Jobs gave the Commencement address at Stanford University: When I was 17. I read a quote that went something like: If you live each day as f It was your last, someday youll most certainly be right. It made an impression on me, nd since then, for the past 33 years, have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today? And whenever the answer has been No for too many days in a rcn. , I He did it by following a trail led by his passion for innovation. Leadership Theory Steve Jobs fits best with the Trait Theory. The main believe of Trait Theories are that they can develop through experience and learning. As a matter of fact that Apple is well-known as learning and innovative company due to Steve Jobs management style. Jobs has faced a lot of different market situations along with his career and almost in all he has succeeded. Jobs possess a vision, willingness to take personal risks to achieve that vision, sensitivity to follower needs, intelligence, self-confidence, level of energy and activity as well as task-relevant knowledge. Firstly, the vision of Apple is to focus on software rather than hardware; at the point when he has delivered music to online consumers he set out to develop the best customer experience. Moreover, Apple took many risks to achieve their vision and goals. Cooperating with is rival Bill Gates is a good example of that (the deal was Gates supply Apple with Office, Internet Explorer programs, and purchase 150 million dollars of Apples stock. Though this deal was good for Microsoft, it was even better for Apple) and as result, Apple was no longer a competition for Microsoft. The production of iPod was also a risky game. Jobs pushed his managers and the engineer team for innovative thinking, which was a huge challenge for everyone.Thirdly, Steve was self- confident. The fact that he created a video-editing program even without the help of Adobe shows his trait very good. l am convinced that about half of what separates the successful entrepreneurs from the non-successful ones is pure perseverance Steve Jobs, in 1995. My Job is not be easy on people, but to make them better.   Participative leadership While some found his management style caustic, he also developed loyalty from many team members. You need a lot more than vision † you need a stubbornness, tenacity, belief and patience to stay the course, said Edwin Catmull, co-founder of Pixar. In Steves case, he pushes right to the edge, to try to make the next big step orward. Jobs emphasized the importance of teamwork to his employees. Though he made the final decision on product designs, he knew that the right people would be a companys greatest asset. Thats how I see business, he said. Great things in business are never done by one person; theyre done by a team of people. According to Jobs work mantra and ethic, innovation is what distinguishes a leader and a follower. Some people arent used to an environment where excellence is expected. Thanks to Jobs expectation of high quality, almost every product hes turned out has een a huge success among consumers and businesses. One of the greatest business strategists of all times He was a high-maintenance co-worker who demanded excellence from his staff and was known for his blunt delivery of criticism. But it was his sheer genius combined with his ability to articulate his vision and bring staff, investors and customers along on the Journey plus the lessons learned in a major career setback that made it work. The results: indisputable. A visionary is how he is most often described in relation to Apple, the company he founded with high school buddy Steve Wozniak in 976. Also described as a high-maintenance co-worker who labelled people who didnt impress him as bozos. We have an environment where excellence is really expected, Jobs said in an interview in 1983. Whats really great is to be open when [the work] is not great. My best contribution is not settling for anything but really good stuff, in all the details. Thats my Job, to make sure everything is great. Employees were recruited into the company as specialists and put into roles that made the most of their specific strengths and abilities. Turnover was low despite the emanding corporate culture Jobs was a passionate advocate for his vision and incredibly effective at communicating this to shareholders, customers and staff. People Join and stay because they believe in the mission of the company, even if they arent personally happy. Steve Jobs quotes Being the richest man in the cemetery doesnt matter to me. Going to bed at night saying weve done something wonderful† thats what matters to me. Sometimes when you innovate, you make mistakes. It is best to admit them quickly, and get on with improving your other innovations. Your time is limited, so dont waste it living omeone elses life. Dont be trapped by dogma† which is living with the results of other peoples thinking. Dont let the noise of others opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. Technology is nothing. Whats important is that you have a faith in people, that theyre basically good and smart, and if you give them tools, theyll do wonderful things with them. Charity work In his lifetime, Steve Jobs was roundly criticized for seemingly not donating enough money to philanthropic causes. However, it has been revealed recently that the late ounder of Apple and his wife, quietly made large donations to charity: Jobs donated $50million to Stanford hospitals. Funded HIV and AIDS research   Powell Jobs (Steve Jobs wife) founded College Track, a college preparation organization, in 1997, and she has been sponsoring the group ever since. Every year, the award-winning animation studio Pixar, which Mr Jobs helped launch, hosts a screening of a film to raise money for College Track, suggesting that the family have been doing charity work behind the scenes. But Jobs never addressed his philanthropic endeavors and refused to discuss the subject even with his biographer.

Billabong Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Billabong - Essay Example Lastly, investor’s return on capital investment was closely taken into account. The report also provides sufficient grounds for investing in Billabong International Limited, and reasons for its dampened growth from prior years. Company Overview Billabong International Limited (BBG) was founded in 1973 in Queensland by Gordon Merchant. Billabong is known to produce surf wear, sport apparels and accessories for surfing, skate and snowboard. BBG has expanded its operations to more than 60 countries. It has expanded its distribution to states like Japan, United States of America and Europe. It has positioned itself for people with extreme love for sports like surfing and skating. BBG is used by people who desire to be identified with its image. It has been a leader in promoting its brand through sponsoring athletes and events. BBG has given stiff competition to its competitors like Quicksilver and Nike. In terms of geographic spread, BBG has a high advantage over Quicksilver as it is centered in USA in comparison to BBG which has spread its operations to Japan and Europe as well. Moreover, diversity due to huge geographic spread has been a basis of competitive advantage over Quicksilver. Quick’s earning has been seasonal but BBG has overcome this weakness by diversifying its operations to different geographic regions. BBG’s products are sold to around 2,600 surf and extreme sport shops worldwide. This is the prime source of revenue as a major chunk of revenue comes from wholesalers and independent retailers. Name of Ratio Expression 2010 2009 2008 2010 result 2009 2008 result ROE 12.2 15.45 22.7 Gross Profit margin 54.58% 53.3% 55.1% Net Profit Margin / 9.8% 9.1% 13% Current Ratio 2.47 3.3 3.07 Acid Test 1.8 2.48 2.1 Inventory Turn over ratio 2.73 3.368 3.18 Inventory Turnover Period 133days 108days 114.5days Payables’ turnover period 103 days 80days 84.2days Gearing Ratio 0.33 0.47 0.59 P/E Ratio 14.3 11.15 10.46 Debt to Equity Ratio 81 .5% 88.67% 104.4% Note: Average= (Current year+previous year)/2 Analysis: Profitability ratios measure the income or operating success of an enterprise for a given period of time. BBG has had a decline in their profitability mainly because of bad economic conditions. They have faced losses from their customers who haven’t paid their bills in stipulated time and have, in effect, defaulted. BBG almost doubled their common equity in 2009 but couldn’t accelerate their earnings with the same pace hence, causing a sharp decline in the ROE. Moreover, poor economic conditions and exchange rate risks have played their part in generating a plummet for BBG. Considering company’s return on equity, the trend has been downward. ROE was 22.7% in 2008, and then it dropped to 15.45% in 2009 and a further dip down to 12.2% in 2010. Gross profit Margin for the year 2010 was 54.58% compared to 52.55% in 2009 and 53% in 2008. The gross profit margin has been steady as the proportion al change in sales and cost of goods sold has been constant. Sales have declined from previous year due to poor economic conditions. Some customers have delayed their shipments hence causing BBG to be cautious. Net profit Margin has been in the range of 9-13%. In 2010, company showed 9.8% profit margin compared to previous year of 9%. In 2008 13% net profit margin was recorded. In 2010 several factors have contributed to the increase from 2009 namely exchange rate which has caused $ 6 million benefit to BBG. Liquidity Analysis: BBG is a high leveraged firm and

Criminology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Criminology - Assignment Example Department of Justice. 2008). Approximately 73% of rape victims know their assailants which will be discussed in more detail later. For now let’s just add few numbers concerning rapists who are, as mentioned, familiar with their victims, 38% being friends, 28% intimate partners and 7% relatives (RAINN 2007). When looking through data displayed on RAINN website, although with exceptions, we can say that a rapist is a married man, already having criminal record, often under the influence of alcohol and drugs. The crime usually occurs in victim’s home, during evening hours and involves mostly the use of physical force. As the list of numbers grows, so is the dual feeling of disgust and disbelief after facing these facts. How is it possible that today, in the 21st century, in the western, modernized world, when animals have rights and get treated with dignity, rape persists as a phenomenon in these proportions. Explanations are abundant and diverse, but for the purpose of this paper we look into Lee Ellis’ book â€Å"Theory of Rape: Inquiries into the Causes of Sexual Aggression". Ellis devoted separate chapters of the book to three distinctive theories dealing with rape. Feminist theory claims that rape is largely the result of male domination in sociopolitical and economic affairs and subsequent use of sexual intimidation and exploitation by males to maintain their supremacy. Supporters of this theory assert that rape is simply a crime of power and has very little to do with actual sex. â€Å"Women are often seen as little more than property for which men compete† (Ellis 1989). Women have never been seen as equal to men, therefore there is a need to dominate them, and, as Ellis observes, the incidences of rape will rise as women increasingly defy the status quo in the society. Every new little victory for women as gender could mean more attempts of male population to continue domination. Ronald Akers and

Sales Management&The Salesman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sales Management&The Salesman - Essay Example They are explained below. Any manager or a person who is an essential part of a company will want maximum utility of their product. When the salesman sold the most expensive and top-of-the-range software to a 2-man antique shop then the product was way beyond their needs since they needed a simple accounting software and people have a habit of talking bad about a product when it is of no use to them. Since word of mouth is a very string advertising technique that decides the success or failure of a company. It can turn a star product into a useless dog if let loose or not used effectively. Since there is no coming back in this technique because once the company's image goes down the drain the effects are fatal. Another reason can be the irresponsibility of the salesman. A good salesman must think out of the box and it is their duty to help the customer find the best product. If the salesman is able to attract the customer with his skills then the next step is influencing the customer enough to create brand loyalty. Further brand loyalty can be cashed at every step of the selling process. But the salesman in this case, being a star salesman for some reason failed to fulfil this requirement. Lastly, such blunders can spoil the brand image of the company.

Environmental Degradation In Mauritius

Environmental Degradation In Mauritius Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems and the extinction of wildlife. It is defined as any change or disturbance to the environment perceived to be deleterious or undesirable. The main environmental problems facing Mauritius are water pollution, soil erosion, and preservation of its wildlife. The sources of water pollution are sewage and agricultural chemicals. Mauritius cities produce 0.1 million tons of solid waste annually. The erosion of the soil occurs through deforestation. The Ministry of Housing, Lands, and the Environment has principal responsibility in environmental matters. As of 2001, only about 1.8% of the nations total land area is protected. According to UN reports, Mauritius ranked third in the world on the list of countries with the most endangered species in the mid-1990s. In 2002, there were 44 extinct species. As of the mid-1990s, 3 of Mauritius mammal species and 10 of its bird species were endangered, as well as 269 of its plant species. Endangered species on the island of Mauritius include the pink pigeon, Round Island boa and keel-scaled boa, green sea turtle, and Mauritius varieties of kestrel, parakeet, and fody. Extinct species include the Mauritian duck, the Mauritius blue pigeon, and the red rail. One of the biggest threats that the environment faces today is environmental degradation. One of the main reasons for environmental degradation is human activity. Rampant burning of fossil fuel and deforestation are major causes of this degradation. Also, over hunting, expansion of residential areas, increasing population and industrialization are degrading the environment beyond repair. The toxic chemicals let out by industries end up contaminating the water bodies. This, in turn, makes the water bodies polluted and the water is not fit for drinking or irrigating land. Also, greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, are contributing to the gradual warming of the planet, a process known as global warming. This warming is having a negative impact on the climate and we can observe climate change everywhere. Agricultural activities are wreaking havoc with the environment. Agriculture is leading to degradation of the soil and contamination of ground water due to excessive use of chemical fertilizers. Strong economic development Strong economic development on a small territory is generating threats on environment. In a developing country, there is often a gap between development and prevention or correction measures. In Mauritius, we have very fast development simultaneously causing numerous problems, a lack of human resources and frequent undeserved privileges. There are various conflicts of interest on a small space, particularly on the coastal zone, between various activities. Tourism in Mauritius The tourism service provider in Mauritius is heavily dependent on natural resources, that the physical environment. The traditional marketing approach of sand, sea and sun has created a mindset that led to the concentration of tourist facilities in coastal areas. Coupled with an economys growing dependence on tourism revenues and the agglomeration of hotels on the coastline, tourism has developed into a sector of the economy in its own right which has led to a greater use of coastal and marine resources. This dependence is not without cost, both for the economy and industry. According to Empretec Mauritius, the tourism industry has undoubtedly contributed to the degradation of coastal and marine environment. The actions of the tourism industry have a close relationship with the coastal and marine resources and are heavily dependent on coastal and marine resources. As there are fragile ecosystems and which are interconnected in coastal areas, they are experiencing increased stress due to human activities such as fishing in the lagoon, pollution, erosion, overexploitation of coastal waters and coral. The actual construction of hotels directly on the beach head has significant environmental impacts. Very often, there are sediment run-offs into the lagoon and haphazard disposal of construction wastes into wetlands. When permission is given for works directly in the lagoon, such works very often involves dredging and excavation which increases turbidity when mud is disturbed and is carried away by currents to be deposited somewhere else in the lagoon, on corals for instance. Furthermore, often Government grants permission to remove beach rocks to create bathing areas as was carried out in the south of the island a few years back (2004-2005). Such works interfere with beach dynamics and interestingly enough, this has often resulted in beach erosion. A few years later the hotel promoters were forced to replace some of the rocks to mitigate the beach erosion they created in the first place. Heavy construction works in lagoon 2005 west coast In the seventies and eighties it was very common for hotels and bungalows to build jetties that impeded greatly the long shore current which in turn caused local accumulation of sand in one place and sand erosion in another. These jetties also impede the free passage of the public up and down the seashore. At times there were even high walls that descended right into the sea so as to physically prevent people from walking in front of a number of bungalows. It took energetic action in the early nineties from authorities to gradually put an end to this disgraceful practice. Indeed, government workers were sent together with officials to pull down those walls and jetties thereby re-establishing long shore currents and also permitting the free passage of the public. Example: Grand Gaube By 1992, hotels with more than 75 rooms must have, by law, a water treatment plant on site, it is not known whether all the different hotels treatment plants are really adequate to cope with the load or whether some seepage does occur at times which could have adverse effects on the lagoon. Sometimes sewage treatment plants were built close to the seashore as was the case in 1990 in the north. Sand erosion caused by the construction of piers and other hard structures close to the sea shore and by sand mining (thankfully banned in October 2001) is a significant problem as detailed in the Baird report of 2005. The seriousness of the problem can be gauged by the fact that the Government has, over the past years, built sea defenses at certain places round the coast like Grand Baie, Cap Malheureux and Flic en Flac. The defenses consist of placing at selected places gabions which are wire netting cages 1 metre cube in volume filled with rocks. The objective of this method is to hold sand in place and permit the local accumulation of sand. Unfortunately gabions tend to disintegrate with time for instance at Flic en Flac. The clearing of sea weeds, corals and other rocks in the lagoon close to the shore has regularly been carried out to create suitable bathing areas or sky lanes for hotels. Though, in some cases, the clearing is fairly innocuous, on a couple of occasions, it cannot be said to be so. It needs reminding that sea grass beds are nurseries for fishes and other sea creatures. In 1993, the Touessrok Hotel at Trou Deau Douce (east coast) carried out very important works in the lagoon with the necessary Environmental Impact Assessment report. The government of that time informed the management that the ministry has no objection to the implementation of the proposed works in relation to (i) the dredging of the inner cover and of the two channels (ii) dredged material treatment and handling onshore (iii) beach recharging and widening (iv) erection of a groyne and (v) the construction of an artificial breakwater to protect the cove beach, provided that the following conditions are observed (Le Week End 20th of June 1993). Though the local fishermen went to court to obtain an injunction, it does not appear that they managed to influence the course of things. From 1995 till 2000, promoters fought hard to have a hotel built on ilot des deux cocos in Blue Bay Marine Park. Their initial works in August 2000 did cause damage to coral fields in the vicinity. However for once Government had the initial works stopped and subsequently rejected their Environment Impact Assessment report in April 2001. It is worth mentioning that it is the first time that a hotel project had been rejected by the Authorities on purely environmental grounds. It is undoubtedly a landmark in environmental management in Mauritius. It is possible that from then on promoters might be a little more aware of the importance of sound environmental management for the tourism industry. Unfortunately, little is at present known on the impacts of hotel development on the coastal and lagoon ecology. Yet there is anecdotal evidence that points to sewage seepage from hotels into nearby lagoons in spite of most hotels having primary and secondary sewage treatment plants. In several places, bungalows and even hotels have been built on wetlands or marshy grounds, for example at Flic en Flac or Grand Baie. This has resulted in a drastic reduction of wetlands around the coast, hence wetlands are no longer there to act as natural filtering systems of either sewage or storm waters. The water table at Grand Baie has risen significantly, for example, and is now only a metre deep. Flooding and pollution by sewage is now a reality in parts of Grand Baie. At Flic en Flac also, construction of hotels and bungalows has been going on for years on marshy lands. And now certain parts of Flic En Flac are regularly flooded after heavy rains with little scope for a permanent solution to the despair of residents. It is important to realise that wetlands act as natural filter beds cleaning storm or rain waters before they enter the lagoon system. Lack of wetlands inland can lead to sediments finding their way into the lagoon thereby polluting it. Environmental Impact of the Recreational Use of Beaches One of the main impacts of the use of beaches by the public on the environment is the fact that a fair proportion of the public fails to use the dust bins provided on the beaches for the proper disposal of solid waste. Hence, at times and on certain beaches, there is solid waste accumulating on site. This waste, apart from being unsightly and a source of bad smells attracting rodents, can drift into the lagoon waters thereby polluting it. Furthermore, at certain places, the lagoon is used by some people as a huge and uncontrolled dumping ground. Regularly, non governmental organisations working in the field of the environment and professional divers team up to remove from the lagoon bottom large quantities of solid waste which found its way there. For example on the 7th of June 1997, during the World Environment Day divers removed from the lagoon of Blue Bay ( South of the island ) car and truck tyres, old nets, discarded plastic bags and bottles, broken plates and even radio sets. At low tide, it is common for locals or tourists to go reef walking sometimes even at night. The potential for coral damage is evident. In the nineties undersea walking was introduced as a tourist attraction. This activity has lead to localized coral reef damage. Nowadays authorities have ceased to issue new permits for this activity, though previous operators appear to continue their activities. Environmental Impacts of pleasure Boats Operations Anchor damage by pleasure crafts or fishing boats is thought to be a significant factor in the destruction of corals whilst oil seepage from motor boats can have an impact on lagoon health, especially in places like Grand Baie where there are lots of boats at mooring. Over the years there has been a fairly widespread effort to install mooring buoys especially at popular diving sites in order to limit anchor damage. There is evidence that this measure has helped to a certain extent. Boating operations in lagoons have often created conflicts with swimmers on public beaches when boat operators openly flout safety regulations and common sense by loading and offloading passengers for boat trips directly from public beaches and travelling at high speed close to the sea shore. Authorities had to demarcate bathing areas along popular beaches to limit accidents. Coastal zones are undoubtedly under heavy use, and pressure will not cease in the foreseeable future as long as there are significant increases in tourism arrivals and with more of the population going to the sea side for leisure activities. With the world economic and financial crisis of 2008 2009, tourism arrivals have begun to drop. Although no-one knows how far or how deep this present crisis will be, reductions in tourism arrivals will lessen pressures on coastal zones, thereby opening up a window of opportunity to put in place a coherent coastal zone management plan.

The Man That Can Never Be Replaced :: essays papers

The Man That Can Never Be Replaced One cold December morning with ice on the grass and everybody’s Breaths lingering in the air. It was just another regular December day in Tymber Creek, which is where I grew up my whole life. There is a group of about 13-15 kids that have all grown up together. Some were a couple years older, but that didn’t make much difference except for their size. About five of my closest friends and I decide to get a football game together. We decided to play the older kids in the Creek (our nickname for Tymber Creek). Because every day at the bus stop they told us how they would kill us so we took it as a challenge. As we walk all we saw were monsters, they were huge and ugly with white foam coming out of there mouths like a rabid dog and just scared us to death. Well I decided there is no way I am going to play these guys, but my best friend Stephen told me that we could take them. So there I again believe the impossible. It’s 10:30 a.m. and still just as cold as it was when I got up at 7:00 a.m. and there was no sun. You couldn’t walk straight because of the icy grass and it sure wasn’t the softest thing in the world. So here we go its kick off time. The pigskin is thrown so high in the air that we don’t see it, all we see and feel is the ground trembling and seven of the biggest beasts in the world. It was kind of like seven Shaqs running at seven Mini Me’s. We were dead and all I had on my mind was not to get hit because I would never get up. It was around noon now and all of us decide to take a break and go have lunch. So Stephen and I went to his house which was the biggest house on that street and just stood out because of its peach color. His parents acted like my second family. They treated me like one of there sons. They took me to Sea World, which was a big deal for a kid that’s twelve. Mrs. Vernon who is Stephen’s mom would make us snacks to eat after school and then would take us to the mall just to have fun.

Benefits/Oppressions of Culturally Diverse Populations Essay

The history and theories of counseling and psychology have both benefited and oppressed culturally diverse populations. It is common knowledge that the founding fathers of counseling were all white males of the socioeconomic status of middle to upper class. Therefore, the majority of theories are rooted in research and evidence that assists this particular group. However, as the world becomes more and more diverse, the one size fits all counseling theories no longer service the needs of the clients. Therapists must be cognoscente of the populations he or she services and the techniques best suited to fit these needs. As Sue & Sue state, â€Å"If deviations from the majority are considered abnormal, then many ethnic and racial minorities that exhibit strong cultural differences from the majority have to be so classified.† (p. 93). For example take IQ tests, achievement tests, and personality inventories. What is considered normal within one culture may be considered abnormal within another. It has been a long held belief that black males feel as though â€Å"The Man† is out to get them (Sue & Sue, 2013). It has been through various personality assessments that African Americans have been found to be suspicious, mistrustful, and paranoid (Sue & Sue, 2013). However, what was not considered throughout these findings was that African Americans have been discriminated against throughout time and therefore have reason to behave in such ways (Sue & Sue, 2013). In fact, in Grier and Cobbs’ book Black Rage (as cited in Sue & Sue, 2013), it was noted that African Americans had to use a variety of survival techniques in order to survive the racial society in which they lived. In essence what was perceived as abnormal behavior that of suspicion and mistrust, turned into the survival skills needed to protect this particular group from potential harm. The counseling relationship is an ever-revolving process. There is no one set of standards and techniques that can be applied to each and every group. Throughout the years therapists have come to the realization that additional strategies need to be imposed and that not all situations can be viewed and evaluated with the same lens. The clinician must be introspective of his or her own particular world views and adjust his or her practice to meet the needs of the diverse populations he or she serves.

A Modest Proposal By Swift Essays - Pamphlets, Humour, Fiction

A Modest Proposal By Swift Essays - Pamphlets, Humour, Fiction A Modest Proposal By Swift A Modest Proposal was a satirical essay written by Jonathan Swift depicting the horrific conditions of Ireland and the lives of the Irish people in 1729. The author portrays and attacks the cruel and unjust oppression of Ireland by its oppressor, the mighty English and ridicules the Irish people at the same time. However, Swift's opposition is indirectly presented. Jonathan Swift is able to do so by using the persona, irony, and wit in order to expose the remarkable corruption and degradation of the Irish people, and at the same time present them with practicable solutions to their unscrupulous and pathetic lives. The author uses a satire to accomplish his objective not only because he is able to conceal his true identity but also because it is the most effective way to awake the people of Ireland into seeing their own depravity. Swift creates a fictional persona because by hiding his true identity he is able to convince the readers of the significance of Ireland's problem and allow them to see truth and reality. The persona is a concerned Irishman who is very intelligent, sound, and serious. He appears to be a brute and a monster for proposing something evil and immoral very calmly as if it is normal to consume the flesh of another human being. What makes his proposal to be even more depraved is that he proposes to eat the babies. The persona declares, and at exactly at one year old that I propose to provide for them, in a such a manner as, instead of being a charge upon their parents, or the parish, or wanting food and raiment for the rest of their lives, they shall, on the contrary, contribute to the feeding and partly to the clothing of many thousands. The persona justifies his proposal with numerous reasons. Besides the prevention of voluntary abortions and infanticide, it will also prevent the loss of m oney for maintenance of children and the abuse of women and children. The number of Papists would be reduced and the children will not become beggars, thieves, or prostitutes. The proposal will aid in the increase in the status of the peasantry, promote love, and care from the mothers towards their children. However the persona alone is inadequate to make the narrator seem too plausible. The persona must utilize irony and wit in order for his essay to be more efficacious. A Modest Proposal is so effective and appealing because of the authors' copious uses of irony throughout his essay. The title itself is definitely ironic. It provides the reader with false expectations of decency and sensibility on the part of the writer. The butchery of innocent babies and the use of their skin for clothing is way beyond being modest. It is brutal and insane. The proposal is intended to shock and throw the reader off balance. The narrator also ridicules the Irish. His proposal would be a great incentive for marriage, not because the Irish will marry for the expected reasons, of love and happiness. Instead they will marry for money. As the persona pronounces, this would be a great inducement to marriage, which all wise nations have either encouraged by rewards or enforced by laws and penalties. Moreover, this proposal if put into effect would aid in establishing love and care in families, between spouses and towards the children. The mother would provide her babies w ith better nourishment. Since, plump, fat, and juicy babies are worth more than the lean and abused ones. The husbands will become fond of their wives and refrain from abusing them, to avoid a possible miscarriage. Furthermore, normally the child is introduced to Christianity to celebrate his or her birth and introduction to Christianity. However, ironically Christenings will celebrate a baby's impending death. The baby must be murdered in order for the parents to profit. Thus, the primary motive of the Irish is money. The persona's ingenious display of irony serves a purpose for attacking, scorning, and exposing the vices of the Irish people. The narrator's brilliant and clever use of wit is definitely noteworthy throughout A Modest Proposal. In order to make cannibalism sound like the most practicable solution, the author

Why Content Marketing Writing is a Fantastic Opportunity for Writers

Why Content Marketing Writing is a Fantastic Opportunity for Writers You’re a freelance writer. Sometimes you make good money with your writing, sometimes great money, sometimes nothing. You love the work, but you hate being dependent on a fluctuating income. You’ve heard about this new-fangled thing called content marketing and how other writers make fantastic money doing it. You’d like in on that. Or perhaps you’ve already dipped your toes into business writing and content marketing writing waters, liked it and want more of where that came from. So, what is content marketing writing and why should you care? The Opportunity Basically, businesses realized that with so much advertising vying for consumers’ attention and a lot of it being ignored, ordinary advertising wasn’t a great way to engage potential customers anymore. But, what is? If you’re a Walmart or a Tesco, a free monthly magazine with tips on how to keep your home smelling nice and a few recipes with ingredients available at this particular supermarket (hint, hint) might be enough to attract customers to buy those ingredients, but to keep the brand image fresh and positive in their minds as well. That’s content marketing. Who’s writing those articles and recipes? Freelance writers. Like me. And you. Opportunities for Freelance Writers You’ve heard it said before, but there’s never been a more profitable time to be a freelance writer. Don’t listen to the naysayers telling you that $50 blog posts and 10-cents-a-word reprints are all that’s available to a freelance writer. It’s not. I’m a freelance writer who built my career writing for US and UK publications from India, and I averaged $400 an hour on my last content marketing assignment, so if you’re living in the UK or the US, the only reason you’re not making good money writing articles is because you haven’t yet found the right tools and information. As businesses further understand the importance of good content, they increasingly invest more money in hiring writers to create that content. These businesses are both large and small - I’ve written content for large multinational financial services firms as well as small retail stores - but they may not even be businesses at all. Associations, non-profit organizations, even governments are beginning to understand how to use content marketing to further their goals and connect. And they need good writers to do so. What’s in it For You? Let’s not beat around the bush. You want to know how much you’re going to earn, right? Because another $50 a pop â€Å"opportunity† isn’t something you’re interested in. As the editor and publisher of The International Freelancer (TheInternationalFreelancer.com), I get dozens of emails a week asking if there’s anything better out there. This is where it gets interesting. Like most freelancing, the pay varies across businesses (large corporation or small restaurant), industries (financial firm or environmental non-profit), and your level of experience. But unlike freelancing, I’ve found content marketing to pay a lot more as you move up the ladder. One to two dollars a word is pretty standard with businesses that know what they’re doing. And because these businesses equate time and efficiency to money, your work is much quicker to get published, there are fewer edits, and pay is immediate. More money and less aggravation with similar work. That’s why I think freelance writers should consider adding content marketing writing to their freelance mix.

Skateboarding in the Middle East Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Skateboarding in the Middle East - Research Paper Example Skateboarding does not have to be confined in urban spaces as Wanner believes. Skateboarding represents creative play that it is universally appreciated by children and adults alike all over the world. It area of play is not only â€Å"Where there is an asphalt space of sprawl† but also in the asphalts and deserts of Middle East. In fact, skateboarding may be more beneficial and may be more appreciated in the Middle East than in the urban centers of California because many children are scathe by war in those regions whose growth and development is interrupted by war. Skateboarding, being creative and playful as it is, has a big place among those children in the war torn countries in the Middle East to at least provide them with the coping mechanism with the terror of war they are exposed of. The extent, fierceness and length of war in the Middle East that had exposed countless of children that leaves one to wonder not only on the depth of the scathe that war had left on the children but also on the interruption of their development. Play according to Smilansky and Shefatya, play is essential to children’s social competence and maturity (cited in Jalongo, 2014). Play could also be a very good antidote to extremism because it undermines the very foundation of extremism which is intolerance. Play according to Smilansky and Shefatya let children experience other’s â€Å"points of view by working through conflicts about space, materials, or rules positively† (cited Jalongo, 2014). Through seeing and experiencing other people’s perspectives, children learns to become tolerant and more resistant to extremist ideologies thereby could reduce if not totally remove extremism in the region. Finally, skateboarding or any other play should be experienced by children. Let children be children to have fun and have a sense of wonder in discovering the world. Play by itself with an atmosphere of laughing children creates a positive society where

Steam Engine Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Steam Engine - Research Paper Example The basic purpose of the stationary steam engines is to pump and drive mills by generating power. While introduced in the 18th century, these engines continued to be produced in huge numbers throughout the 19th century, and most of the part of the 20th century until advancements made in the electrical field leading to the practical application of electric power and the development of the internal combustion engine took their place. The use of the fixed steam engines accelerated between the time period of 1750 and 1850 but started to gradually decline afterwards when more advanced and adaptable electricity powered engines began to be introduced. Though the use of internal combustion engines became more widespread later, this paper aims at stressing the fact that the importance of efforts leading to the discovery of steam power and invention of first commercially successful steam engine cannot be denied and should never be overlooked when contemplating the technological inventions intr oduced prior to 1850. Stationary steam engines have often been mistaken for other kinds of engines introduced during the time steam engines were under development process. But a little research into this matter proves that they can be distinguished and stand in contrast to locomotive engines used for railways, traction engines used for manufacturing roads, steam cars, and agricultural engines used for ploughing and harvesting fields. The steam engine is arguably considered the most important technology of the industrial revolution and the literature reviewed in this paper aims at underlining this claim that the steam engine due to multiple factors was indeed an... This essay stresses that the world witnessed a sustained growth in the obvious influences exerted by technology related revolutions which begin to revolutionize every aspect of daily life for the better. Period extending from 1750 to 1850 is characterized by the transitional change of the manual and animal-based labor into critical machine-based manufacturing. This paper makes a conclusion that the steam engine has always remained in limelight in the history. After Savery, Newcomen played a gigantic role of critical nature in advancing the efforts initiated by the previous engineer and introduced a version of steam engine which not only overcame the issues associated with the earlier model but also helped in greatly facilitating the human life by fostering the transition of manual-based labor into machine-based manufacturing. Then Watt’s highly effective double-acting rotative steam engine and later versions of steam engines invented in later years served as the basis for a whole new wave of modern or revolutionary steam technology. General consensus is that though the steam engine was an essential early element of the industrial revolution, still this technology remained underused for most of the part of that period as most of the industries then continued to rely on wind and water power along with manual and animal-based labor to run machines. The discovery of steam power formed the backbone of the steam engine manufacturing process and multiple scientists and engineers whose work precedes 1850 are involved in continually developing this technology.

Wireless Security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Wireless Security - Research Paper Example This method is convenient because one can work from anywhere in the house or in his business using his or her laptop. It also makes it possible to connect various computers to the internet, which does not require the use of many disorganized wires or cables as can be in wired networks (Onguardonline.gov, 2012). Wireless local area networks (WLANs) have become explosively popular, which have dramatically altered the way in which people access data, surf the internet and read their e-mails. WLANs are now everywhere in libraries, coffee shops, hotels, airports, college campuses, and many other public places. WLANs initially became accessible in 2000 and since then, they have deeply penetrated into people’s everyday lives, becoming widely used amongst individuals and businesses. However, despite its popularity, there are many security threats that are associated with the wireless technology, thereby preventing them from being widely spread. WLANs have been the key targets for atta ckers because of the mode of wireless transmission and the vulnerabilities exposed to the traditional standards of wireless networks. Owing to the fact that indicators are not restricted to a wire or a cable in a wall, invaders can capture an unencrypted wireless message and read or even alter the private contents of the message. Because the earlier mechanisms used in wireless security did not adequately provide defense against such attacks, WLANs provided an avenue for attackers to access an organization’s network and take away important information (Us-cert.gov, 2008). The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) is the most influential and widely known organization for wireless communications and computer networking. The IEEE dates back to 1884 and it began its work on developing architecture standards in computer networks in the early 1980s. This work was known as Project 802, which quickly expanded into various types of network technology. The IEEE 802.3 w as one of the most famous standards developed, which set stipulations for Ethernet local area network technology. In 1990, a committee was formed to come up with a standard for WLANs that would operate at a speed of one and 2Mbps. A number of different proposals were recommended before a draft that went through seven different revisions was developed. In 1997, the IEEE approved and adopted the IEEE 802.11 standard. This was the first WLAN standard which defines the physical (PHY) and the media access control (MAC) layers for a LAN that is wireless connected. It deals with local area networking where the associated devices communicate via air to other devices that are close to each other (Intelligraphics.com, 1995). Although a speed of 2 million bits per second was preferable in 1990 for wireless networks, it was no longer satisfactory for use in modern wireless networks. The IEEE body reviewed the 802.11 standard to determine the possible changes that could be executed to increase t he speed. A new IEEE 802.11b amendment was formed in 1999. The amendment included two higher speeds – 5.5 Mbps and 11Mbps to the original speeds of 1Mbps and 2Mbps in 802.11. The new standard (IEEE 802.11b) could support devices that of up to 375 feet(115 meters) away from each other using 2.4GHz radio frequency spectrum. During the same period, the IEEE as well provided another standard with higher speeds. The standard developed was IEEE 802.11a, which indicates a maximum speed of 54Mpbs using the 5GHz radio frequency spectrum. The remarkable achievement of the IEEE 802.11b impelled the IEEE to revisit the 802.11b and 802.11a standards to find out whether they could develop a third intermediary standard (Ciampa, 2009). Ciampa (2009) further explains